Pusat Pengembangan Kompetisi Olimpiade Astronomi Indonesia

Pusat Pengembangan Kompetisi Olimpiade Astrofisika Indonesia
[The Indonesian Astro Physics Olympiad Development Center]

IAPODC

Vision

"Bringing Astrophysics to Our Society"

Mission

1. DI SETIAP KABUPATEN ATAU KOTA DI INDONESIA
MEMPUNYAI KLUB ASTRO FISIKA

2. PUTRA-PUTRI TERBAIK BANGSA MAMPU MENJUARAI
IVENT-IVENT ATAU KOMPETISI ILMIAH
DALAM BIDANG ASTRO FISIKA DI TINGKAT INTERNATIONAL

Rencana Strategis
(RenStra)

1. Pembangunan Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Astro Fisika di tiap Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia
Sebagai Pionir di bukanya
BAPA
Banjar Astro Physics Association

a. Pengembangan Kurikulum Astrofisika
b. Pengembangan Sylabus Pendidikan Astrofisika
c. Riset, analisa dan pengembangan soal-soal Kompetisi Astrofisika

2. Kerjasama dengan Organisasi Keantariksaan Local, Nasional dan International
(Departemen Pendidikan Fisika UPI, Cakrawala UPI, Departemen Astronomi ITB, Jogja Astro Club, Lapan, MIT Open Course Ware dan Forum NASA bagi Para Guru)

3. Melakukan pengamatan (Observasi) terhadap gejala-gejala Astrofisika dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari

The International Astronomy Olympiad Web Site

• Homepage of the International Physics Olympiad

• Website of the 1998 IPhO
• Website of the 1999 IPhO
• Website of the 2000 IPhO
• Website of the 2002 IPhO
• Website of the 2003 IPhO
• Website of the 2004 IPhO
• Website of the 2005 IPhO
• Website of the 2006 IPhO
• Website of the 2007 IPhO
• Website of the 2008 IPhO
• Website of the 2009 IPhO

2nd International Olympiad On Astronomy and Astrophysics Part I

2nd International Olympiad On Astronomy and Astrophysics Part II

We Are The Next Champions (Collaborative Writing With Bangladesh Centre Astrophysics Olympiad by: Dear: Shareer 14 Years Old 9th Grade in Junior High School, Dhaka. Bangladesh)

Cloud

In meteorology, a cloud is a visible mass of liquid droplets or frozen crystals made of water or various chemicals suspended in the atmosphere above the surface of a planetary body. These suspended particles are also known as aerosols. Clouds in earth's atmosphere are studied in the cloud physics branch of meteorology. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated; cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. In general, precipitation will fall to the surface; an exception is virga, which evaporates before reaching the surface.

The international cloud classification system is based on the fact clouds can show free-convective upward growth like cumulus, appear in non-convective layered sheets such as stratus, or take the form of thin fibrous wisps, as in the case of cirrus. Prefixes are used in connection with clouds: strato- for low clouds with limited convection that form mostly in layers, nimbo- for thick layered clouds that can produce moderate to heavy precipitation, alto- for middle clouds, and cirro- for high clouds. Whether or not a cloud is low, middle, or high level depends on how far above the ground its base forms. Cloud types with significant vertical extent can form in the low or middle altitude ranges depending on the moisture content of the air. Clouds in the troposphere have Latin names due to the popular adaptation of Luke Howard's cloud categorization system, which began to spread in popularity during December 1802. Synoptic surface weather observations use code numbers to record and report the types of tropospheric cloud visible at each scheduled observation time based on the height and physical appearance of the clouds.

While a majority of clouds form in Earth's troposphere, there are occasions when clouds in the stratosphere and mesosphere can be observed. These three main layers of the atmosphere where clouds may be seen are collectively known as the homosphere. Above this lies the thermosphere and exosphere, which together make up the heterosphere that marks the transition to outer space. Clouds have been observed on other planets and moons within the Solar System, but, due to their different temperature characteristics, they are composed of other substances such as methane, ammonia, and sulfuric acid.

Wikipedia

Indonesian Space Sciences & Technology School

Principles of Automatic Control

Level:

Undergraduate

Instructors:

Prof. John Deyst
Prof. Karen Willcox

Course Features
Course Description

NASA Ames Research Center pilot George E. Tucker evaluates perspective flight guidance displays being developed by a Boeing/Ames research team for "runway independent aircraft." (Image courtesy of NASA.)

Course Features

• Lecture notes
• Assignments and solutions
• Exams and Solutions

Course Description

The course deals with introduction to design of feedback control systems, properties and advantages of feedback systems, time-domain and frequency-domain performance measures, stability and degree of stability. It also covers root locus method, nyquist criterion, frequency-domain design, and state space methods.

*Some translations represent previous versions of courses

Labs

Writing Lab Reports

Here is a copy of the Results and Conclusions sections from a fairly good lab report (PDF). It's not perfect, but the author does a good job of labelling graphs and tables, referring to them in the text, and writing concise, relevant conclusions.

Notes on writing a lab report (handout from recitation five days after lecture #8) (PDF).

Lab Handouts

Lab #1 (PDF)
Lab #2 (PDF)

Skills Review

Further information on the Mathematical Knowledge Topics for each 16.06 lecture may be found in the Supplementary Math Notes (PDF), which are organized by 16.06 lecture topics and the associated Mathematical Knowledge Topics.
The following list of topics link to the corresponding entry in the table below.

1. Course Introduction
2. Introduction to Control Systems
3. Control System Analysis and Design
4. Disturbances and Sensitivity
5. Steady-State Errors
6. The s-Plane, Poles and Zeroes
7. Transient Response Characteristics and System Stability
8. Dominant Modes
9. Transient Performance and the Effect of Zeroes
10. The Effect of Zeroes
11. State Space
12. State Space Modeling
13. More State Space Modeling and Transfer Function Matrices
14. Quanser Model and State Transition Matrices
15. Solutions of State Space Differential Equations
16. Controllability

 

Lecture Notes

The blank areas found in the lecture notes below are intentional. Students are given the printed notes preceeding each lecture but are expected to fill in blank areas themselves based on the in-class content.
Supplements to the notes are available (PDF)

Lecture notes.

LEC #	TOPICS	LECTURE NOTES
Module 1: Control System Analysis
1	Course Introduction	(PDF)
2	Introduction to Control Systems	(PDF)
3	Control System Analysis and Design	(PDF)
4	Disturbances and Sensitivity	(PDF)
5	Steady-State Errors	(PDF)
6	S-Plane, Poles and Zeroes	(PDF)
7	Transient Response and Stability	(PDF)
8	Dominant Modes	(PDF)
9	Transient Response and Performance	(PDF)
10	Effects of Zeroes	(PDF)
Module 2: State-Space Methods
11	State Space	(PDF)
12	State Space Modeling	(PDF)
13	More State Space Modeling and Transfer Function Matrices	(PDF)
14	Quanser Model and State Transition Matrices	(PDF)
15	Solutions of State Space Differential Equations	(PDF)
16	Controllability	(PDF)
17	Quiz 1
18	Controllability Continued	(PDF)
19	State Space Design	(PDF)
Module 3: Time Domain System Design
20	Proportional Control	(PDF)
21	Control System Design (Time Domain)	(PDF)
22	Root Locus Rules	(PDF)
23	Root Locus Examples	(PDF)
24	Root Locus Design	(PDF)
25	Compensator Design	(PDF)
Module 4: Frequency Domain System Design
26	Frequency Response Analysis	(PDF)
27	Polar Plots	(PDF)
28	Principle of the Argument and the Nyquist Stability Criterion	(PDF)
29	Nyquist Examples	See Lec 28 notes
30	More Nyquist Examples	(PDF)
31	Quiz 2
32	Gain and Phase Margins	(PDF)
33	The Gain-Phase Plane and Nichols Charts	(PDF)
34	Open and Closed Loop Behavior and the Second Order System Paradigm	(PDF)
35	Bode Diagrams	(PDF)
36	First and Second Order System Bode Diagrams	(PDF)
37	Compensation and Bode Design	(PDF)
38	More Bode Design
39	Train Lecture	(PDF)

Sumber: MIT Open Course Ware