Sunday, 7 July 2013

Memacu Perkembangan Pendidikan Antariksa di Indonesia

"Mars is there, waiting to be reached."
*Buzz Aldrin*


Karir Militer

Buzz Aldrin graduated third in his class at West Point in 1951, with a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering. He was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force and served as a jet fighter pilot during the Korean War. He flew 66 combat missions in F-86 Sabres and shot down two Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 aircraft. The June 8, 1953, issue of Life magazine featured gun camera photos taken by Aldrin of one of the Russian pilots ejecting from his damaged aircraft.

Subsequent to the war, Aldrin was assigned as an aerial gunnery instructor at Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada, and next was an aide to the dean of faculty at the United States Air Force Academy, which had recently begun operations in 1955. 

He flew F-100 Super Sabres as a flight commander at Bitburg Air Base, Germany, in the 22d Fighter Squadron. In 1963 Aldrin earned a doctor of science degree in astronautics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His graduate thesis was "Line-of-sight guidance techniques for manned orbital rendezvous", the dedication of which read, "In the hopes that this work may in some way contribute to their exploration of space, this is dedicated to the crew members of this country’s present and future manned space programs. 

If only I could join them in their exciting endeavors!" On completion of his doctorate, he was assigned to the Gemini Target Office of the Air Force Space Systems Division in Los Angeles before his selection as an astronaut. His initial application to join the astronaut corps was rejected on the basis of having never been a test pilot; that prerequisite was lifted when he re-applied and was accepted into the third astronaut class.

Buku-Buku Karya Beliau:

Books co-authored by Aldrin include Return to Earth (1973), Men From Earth (1989), Reaching for the Moon (2005), Look to the Stars (2009) and Magnificent Desolation (2009). He has also co-authored with John Barnes the science fiction novels Encounter with Tiber (1996) and The Return (2000). His book Mission to Mars was published in May 2013.

Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering di Purdue University


Karir di NASA

Aldrin was selected as part of the third group of NASA astronauts selected in October 1963. Because test pilot experience was no longer a requirement, this was the first selection for which he was eligible. After the deaths of the original Gemini 9 prime crew, Elliot See and Charles Bassett, Aldrin and Jim Lovell were promoted to back-up crew for the mission. 

The main objective of the revised mission (Gemini 9A) was to rendezvous and dock with a target vehicle, but when this failed, Aldrin improvised an effective exercise for the craft to rendezvous with a coordinate in space. He was confirmed as pilot on Gemini 12, the last Gemini mission and the last chance to prove methods for extra-vehicular activity (EVA). Aldrin set a record for EVA, demonstrating that astronauts could work outside spacecraft.
On July 21, 1969, he became the second astronaut to walk on the Moon, keeping his record total EVA time until that was surpassed on Apollo 14. There has been much speculation about Aldrin's desire at the time to be the first astronaut to walk on the Moon. 

According to different NASA accounts, he had originally been proposed as the first to step onto the Moon's surface, but due to the physical positioning of the astronauts inside the compact lunar landing module, it was easier for the commander, Neil Armstrong, to be the first to exit the spacecraft.


"There's a need for accepting responsibility for a person's life and making choices that are not just ones for immediate short-term comfort. 
You need to make an investment, and the investment is in health and education."
*Buzz Aldrin*

Semoga dengan meningkatnya mutu pendidikan di Indonesia maka secara otomatis IPTEKS Antariksa Indonesia semakin maju.

Semangat!

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Saturday, 6 July 2013

Kuliah Umum: Impian Manusia Menuju Planet Mars

Curiosity on Mars - ACSER Distinguished Guest Lecture at UNSW 


Dr. René Fradet is the Deputy Director, Engineering and Science Directorate at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. From 2009 through 2010, René was the Flight System Manager for the Mars Sample Laboratory (MSL) where he was responsible for the overall development of the MSL Flight System.

Before assuming his present leadership post at JPL, René was the founder, president and CEO of Alliance Spacesystems, also of Pasadena. René's company built a wide range of space mechatronic systems, most notably the Robot Arm for Curiosity, as well as the robot arms for the Phoenix lander and the earlier Spirit and Opportunity rovers.



Opportunity and its arm are still operational on Mars after almost ten years. Before founding Alliance, René was at JPL as the Deputy Spacecraft Manager on the New Millennium Program Deep Space One (DS1) Project. Deep Space One traveled far beyond Earth's orbit, visited both an asteroid and a comet, and was the first spacecraft to use an ion propulsion main engine rather than chemical propulsion for deep space missions. René was the co-leader responsible for the management of DS1 design, development and test, and was the chief Mechanical Engineer responsible for all associated mechanical activities.


NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission set down a large, mobile laboratory - the rover Curiosity - at Gale Crater, using precision landing technology that makes many of Mars' most intriguing regions viable destinations for the first time. During the 23 months after landing, Curiosity will analyse dozens of samples drilled from rocks or scooped from the ground as it explores with greater range than any previous Mars rover.

Curiosity carries the most advanced payload of scientific gear ever used on Mars' surface, a payload more than 10 times as massive as those of earlier Mars rovers. Its assignment: Investigate whether conditions have been favourable for microbial life and for preserving clues in the rocks about possible past life.

This talk will survey the tremendous successes of Curiosity so far, from landing on Mars to photographing, sampling and inspecting her surface. Some of the challenges facing Curiosity in the future include robotically drilling on the surface of Mars. This will be the first time since the Apollo program that humanity has drilled rocks on a non-Earth body, and the first time ever for a robot explorer.


Sumber:
1. University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia
2. Jet Propulsion Laboratory
3. NASA
4. California Institute of Technology
5. http://acser.unsw.edu.au/index.html [The Australian Centre for Space Engineering Research]

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Memupuk Kerjasama IPTEK Antariksa Antar Bangsa


The International Space Station program is tied together by a complex set of legal, political and financial agreements between the fifteen nations involved in the project, governing ownership of the various components, rights to crewing and utilisation, and responsibilities for crew rotation and station resupply.

These agreements tie together the five space agencies and their respective International Space Station Programs and govern how they interact with each other on a daily basis to maintain station operations, from traffic control of spacecraft to and from the station, to utilization of space and crew time.  

See also
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_scientists"

The International Space Station (ISS) is a habitable artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. It follows the Salyut, Almaz, Skylab and Mir stations as the ninth space station to be inhabited. The ISS is a modular structure whose first component was launched in 1998. Now the largest artificial body in orbit, it can often be seen at the appropriate time with the naked eye from Earth. The ISS consists of pressurised modules, external trusses, solar arrays and other components. ISS components have been launched by American Space Shuttles as well as Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets.

The ISS serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology and other fields. The station is suited for the testing of spacecraft systems and equipment required for missions to the Moon and Mars


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The ISS programme is a joint project among five participating space agencies: NASA, the Russian Federal Space Agency, JAXA, ESA, and CSA. The ownership and use of the space station is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements. The station is divided into two sections, the Russian orbital segment (ROS) and the United States orbital segment (USOS), which is shared by many nations. The ISS is maintained at an orbital altitude of between 330 km (205 mi) and 435 km (270 mi). It completes 15.7 orbits per day. 

The ISS is funded until 2020, and may operate until 2028. The Russian Federal Space Agency (RSA/RKA) has proposed using ISS to commission modules for a new space station, called OPSEK, before the remainder of the ISS is de-orbited.


The Station simplifies individual experiments by eliminating the need for separate rocket launches and research staff. The primary fields of research include Astrobiology, astronomy, human research including space medicine and life sciences, physical sciences, materials science, space weather and weather on Earth (meteorology). 

Scientists on Earth have access to the crew's data and can modify experiments or launch new ones, benefits generally unavailable on unmanned spacecraft. 

Crews fly expeditions of several months duration, providing approximately 160 man-hours a week of labour with a crew of 6.

Sumber:

NASA
Wikipedia

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