Bisakah Nusantara Menjelajahi Antariksa?

Sumpah Palapa:

Sira Gajah Madapatih Amangkubhumi tan ayun amuktia palapa, sira Gajah Mada:

"Lamun huwus kalah nusantara isun amukti palapa, lamun kalah ring Gurun, ring Seran, Tañjung Pura, ring Haru, ring Pahang, Dompo, ring Bali, Sunda, Palembang, Tumasik, samana isun amukti palapa". 

MISSION EVENTS SUMMARY

• TERMINAL COUNT

• FIRST STAGE

• SECOND STAGE

• ASCENT ABORT MODES

• RETURN TO LAUNCH SITE

• TRANSATLANTIC LANDING

• ABORT TO ORBIT

• ABORT ONCE AROUND

• CONTINGENCY ABORT

• MANUAL THRUST VECTOR CONTROL

• ORBIT INSERTION

• ON ORBIT

• ON-ORBIT CHECKOUT

• DEORBIT

• ENTRY

DISPLAYS AND CONTROLS

SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PAYLOADS

• PAYLOAD ASSIST MODULE

• INERTIAL UPPER STAGE

• AIRBORNE SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

• IUS STRUCTURE

• EQUIPMENT SUPPORT SECTION

• IUS AVIONICS SUBSYSTEM

• IUS SOLID ROCKET MOTORS

• IUS REACTION CONTROL SYSTEM

• IUS-TO-SPACECRAFT INTERFACES

• FLIGHT SEQUENCE

• SPACELAB

• PRESSURIZED MODULE, OR LABORATORY

• INSTRUMENT POINTING SUBSYSTEM

• PALLET ONLY

• ELECTRICAL POWER

• COMMAND AND DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

• MASS MEMORY UNIT

• DATA DISPLAY SYSTEMS

• CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION

• PRESSURIZED MODULE INTERCOM

• PRESSURIZED MODULE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SUBSYSTEM AND LIFE SUPPORT

• PRESSURIZED MODULE/TUNNEL AIR LOOP

• PRESSURIZED MODULE ACTIVE THERMAL CONTROL SUBSYSTEM

• PRESSURIZED MODULE CAUTION AND WARNING

• PRESSURIZED MODULE EMERGENCY CONDITIONS

• PALLET-ONLY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SUBSYSTEM

• GETAWAY SPECIAL PROGRAM

NASA CENTERS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

• JOHN F. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER

• ORBITER PROCESSING FACILITY

• ORBITER MODIFICATION AND REFURBISHMENT FACILITY

• LOGISTICS FACILITY

• VEHICLE ASSEMBLY BUILDING

• EXTERNAL TANK PROCESSING

• SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE WORKSHOP

• SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER PROCESSING

• HYPERGOLIC MAINTENANCE AND CHECKOUT FACILITY

• ORBITER MATING

• SPACE SHUTTLE VEHICLE TESTING

• MOBILE LAUNCHER PLATFORM

• CRAWLER-TRANSPORTER

• LAUNCH COMPLEXES 39-A AND 39-B

• FIXED SERVICE STRUCTURE

• ROTATING SERVICE STRUCTURE

• SOUND SUPPRESSION WATER SYSTEM

• SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE HYDROGEN BURNOFF SYSTEM

• FLAME DEFLECTOR SYSTEM

• PROPELLANT STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION

• PAYLOAD PROCESSING

• PROCESSING FACILITIES AT CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION

• RADIOISOTOPE THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR STORAGE BUILDING

• VERTICAL PROCESSING FACILITY

• PAYLOAD HAZARDOUS SERVICING FACILITY

• PAYLOAD CHANGEOUT ROOM

• VERTICAL PROCESSING/INTEGRATION OPERATIONS

• HORIZONTAL CARGO PROCESSING FACILITIES

• SPACELAB ASSEMBLY/CHECKOUT AREA

• SPACELAB PROCESSING/INTEGRATION OPERATIONS

• SMALL, SELF-CONTAINED PAYLOAD (GETAWAY SPECIAL) PROCESSING

• LIFE SCIENCES PAYLOADS

• DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PAYLOADS

• LAUNCH CONTROL CENTER

• LAUNCH PROCESSING SYSTEM

• LAUNCH PAD OPERATIONS AFTER ROLLOUT

• FLIGHT READINESS FIRING AND EXTERNAL TANK TANKING TESTS

• TERMINAL COUNTDOWN DEMONSTRATION TEST

• PRELAUNCH PROPELLANT LOAD

• FINAL PRELAUNCH PREPARATIONS

• LAUNCH COUNTDOWN

• SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER RETRIEVAL, DISASSEMBLY AND REFURBISHMENT

• SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER DISASSEMBLY FACILITY OPERATIONS

• PARACHUTE REFURBISHMENT FACILITY

• SHUTTLE LANDING FACILITY

• TOWING TRACTORS

• LYNDON B. JOHNSON SPACE CENTER

• MISSION CONTROL CENTER

• FLIGHT CONTROL ROOMS

• MULTIPURPOSE SUPPORT ROOM

• PAYLOAD OPERATIONS CONTROL CENTERS

• COMMUNICATIONS

• MISSION CONTROL SUPPORT AREAS

• FLIGHT CREW COMPLEMENT AND CREW TRAINING

• TRAINING FACILITIES

• TEST FACILITIES

• OFF-SITE CONTRIBUTORS

• GEORGE C. MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

• PAYLOAD OPERATIONS CONTROL CENTER

• SPACELAB TRAINING FACILITIES

• NATIONAL SPACE TECHNOLOGY LABORATORIES

• GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

ORBITER APPROACH AND LANDING TEST PROGRAM

"Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Dirgantara serta Antariksa Mesti Kita Pelajari dengan Sepenuh Hati"

*Arip Nurahman*

To Be Continued


Kunjungi Juga:

Impian Indonesia Menuju Antariksa

Sumber:

NASA
LAPAN
Wikipedia

Generasi Pesawat Luar Angkasa Negeri India

Mari kita pelajari dan teliti wahana penerbangan Antariksa negeri India.

Program Antariksa Negeri Bollywood

Bagaimanakah program IPTEK Antariksa Negeri Bollywood ini?

Mechatronics

Mechatronics is the combination of Mechanical engineering, Electronic engineering, Computer engineering, Software engineering, Control engineering, and Systems Design engineering in order to design and manufacture useful products. Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field of engineering, that is to say it rejects splitting engineering into separate disciplines. Originally, mechatronics just included the combination between mechanics and electronics, hence the word is only a portmanteau of mechanics and electronics; however, as technical systems have become more and more complex the word has been "updated" during recent years to include more technical areas.

French standard NF E 01-010 gives the following definition: “approach aiming at the synergistic integration of mechanics, electronics, control theory, and computer science within product design and manufacturing, in order to improve and/or optimize its functionality".

A mechatronics engineer unites the principles of mechanics, electronics, and computing to generate a simpler, more economical and reliable system. Mechatronics is centered on mechanics, electronics, computing, control engineering, molecular engineering (from nanochemistry and biology), and optical engineering, which, combined, make possible the generation of simpler, more economical, reliable and versatile systems. The portmanteau "mechatronics" was coined by Tetsuro Mori, the senior engineer of the Japanese company Yaskawa in 1969. An industrial robot is a prime example of a mechatronics system; it includes aspects of electronics, mechanics, and computing to do its day-to-day jobs.

Engineering cybernetics deals with the question of control engineering of mechatronic systems. It is used to control or regulate such a system (see control theory). Through collaboration, the mechatronic modules perform the production goals and inherit flexible and agile manufacturing properties in the production scheme. Modern production equipment consists of mechatronic modules that are integrated according to a control architecture. The most known architectures involve hierarchy, polyarchy, heterarchy, and hybrid. The methods for achieving a technical effect are described by control algorithms, which might or might not utilize formal methods in their design. Hybrid systems important to mechatronics include production systems, synergy drives, planetary exploration rovers, automotive subsystems such as anti-lock braking systems and spin-assist, and every-day equipment such as autofocus cameras, video, hard disks, and CD players.

Course structure

 

 

Mechatronic students take courses from across the various fields listed below:

• Mechanical engineering and materials science subjects
• Electronic engineering subjects
• Computer engineering subjects
• Computer science subjects
• Systems and control engineering subjects
• Optomechanics (optical engineering) subjects
• Robotics subjects

Application

 

 

• Machine vision
• Automation and robotics
• Servo-mechanics
• Sensing and control systems
• Automotive engineering, automotive equipment in the design of subsystems such as anti-lock braking systems
• Computer-machine controls, such as computer driven machines like IE CNC milling machines
• Expert systems
• Industrial goods
• Consumer products
• Mechatronics systems
• Medical mechatronics,medical imaging systems
• Structural dynamic systems
• Transportation and vehicular systems
• Mechatronics as the new language of the automobile
• Diagnostic, reliability, and control system techniques
• Computer aided and integrated manufacturing systems
• Computer-aided design
• Engineering and manufacturing systems
• Packaging
• Microcontrollers / PLC's
• Mobile apps

 Lihat Juga:

• Cybernetics
• Control Theory
• Electromechanics
• Mechatronics Journals
• List of engineering topics
• Materials Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering Technology
• Robotics
• Stereochemistry - A very advanced form of Elemental Engineering
• Supramolecular Engineering
• Systems Engineering

Further reading

 

• Robert Munnig Schmidt, Georg Schitter and Jan van Eijk, High Performance Mechatronics. IOS Press, 2011.
• Bishop, Robert H., Mechatronics: an introduction. CRC Press, 2006.
• De Silva, Clarence W., Mechatronics: an integrated approach. CRC Press, 2005
• Onwubolu, Godfrey C., Mechatronics: principles and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.
• Rankers, Adrian M., Machine Dynamics in Mechatronic Systems. University Twente, 1997

Organisasi Antariksa Negeri Shah Ruk Khan

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO, /ˈɪsroʊ/; Hindi: भारतीय अंतरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन Bhāratīya Antarikṣa Anusandhāna Saṅgaṭhana) is the primary space agency of the Indian government.

ISRO is amongst the six largest government space agencies in the world, along with USA's NASA, Russia's RKA, Europe's ESA, China's CNSA and Japan's JAXA. Its primary objective is to advance space technology and use its applications for national benefit.

Established in 1969, ISRO superseded the erstwhile Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR). Headquartered in Bengaluru, ISRO is under the administrative control of the Department of Space, Government of India. ISRO has achieved numerous milestones since its establishment. India's first satellite, Aryabhata, was built by ISRO and launched by the Soviet Union in 1975.

Rohini, the first satellite to be placed in orbit by an Indian-made launch vehicle, SLV-3, was launched in 1980. ISRO subsequently developed two other rockets: the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) for putting satellites into polar orbits and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) for placing satellites into geostationary orbits. 

These rockets have launched numerous communications satellites and earth observation satellite. In 2008, Chandrayaan-1, India's first mission to the Moon was launched. Over the years, ISRO has conducted a variety of operations for both Indian and foreign clients. ISRO's satellite launch capability is mostly provided by indigenous launch vehicles and launch sites. 

In 2008, ISRO successfully launched its first lunar probe, Chandrayaan-1, while future plans include indigenous development of GSLV, manned space missions, further lunar exploration, mars exploration and interplanetary probes. 

ISRO has several field installations as assets, and cooperates with the international community as a part of several bilateral and multilateral agreements.

Impian Indonesia Menuju Antariksa

"REBUT KEMBALI JAM KERJA! WUJUDKAN KEMBALI KARYA NYATA YANG PERNAH KITA MILIKI UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN PERADABAN INDONESIA! BANGKITLAH, SADARLAH ATAS KEMAMPUANMU! "

~Prof. B. J. Habibie~

Dalam melaksanakan cita-cita luhur bangsa Indonesia, Masyarakat Ilmiah Antariksa Indonesia baiknya mengembangkan empat kegiatan utama yaitu pengembangan teknologi kedirgantaraan yang difokuskan pada empat pilar berikut:

1. Pengembangan satelit beserta berbagai komponennya di ruas bumi dan antariksa, pengembangan roket peluncur satelit, spin off ilmu dan teknologi peroketan untuk kegiatan pertahanan dan keamanan, serta pengembangan teknologi pesawat terbang yang mampu berperan mengisi konektivitas antar daerah di Nusantara serta berbagai pesawat untuk kepentingan trasportasi, pertahanan, olah raga, pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, serta survey dan pemetaan.

2. Pengembangan kemampuan nasional dalam pemanfaatan teknologi penginderaan jauh untuk pemantauan bumi dan pemantauan atmosfer. Dalam pengembangan kemampuan tersebut, Masyarakat Ilmiah Antariksa Indonesia harus fokus pada pengembangan Bank Data Penginderaan Jauh Nasional untuk melayani kebutuhan data dari seluruh Indonesia, pengembangan model-model pemanfaatan untuk pengelolaan sumberdaya alam dan mitigasi bencana, serta pembangunan pusat informasi pemantauan bumi dan atmosfer untuk membantu penanganan bencana dan pengelolaan sumberdaya alam di Indonesia.

3. Pengembangan kemampuan nasional dalam memantau dinamika yang terjadi di antariksa dengan fokus pada pemantauan aktivitas matahari dan dampaknya terhadap kegiatan telekomunikasi, navigasi, dan berbagai kegiatan lainnya di bumi serta pemantauan benda jatuh antariksa.

4. Penyusunan kebijakan untuk pengelolaan sumberdaya dirgantara dan memperkuat kegiatan nasional dan kerjasama internasional dalam bidang kedirgantaraan.

• AVIONICS SYSTEMS

• DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM

• SOFTWARE

• GPCS

• MASS MEMORY UNITS

• MULTIFUNCTION CRT DISPLAY SYSTEM

• MASTER TIMING UNIT

• COMPUTER DATA BUS NETWORK

• MULTIPLEXERS/DEMULTIPLEXERS

• MASTER EVENTS CONTROLLERS

• DATA BUS ISOLATION AMPLIFIERS

• BACKUP FLIGHT CONTROL

• GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION AND CONTROL

• FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HARDWARE

• NAVIGATION AIDS

• INERTIAL MEASUREMENT UNITS

• STAR TRACKERS

• CREWMAN OPTICAL ALIGNMENT SIGHT

• TACAN

• AIR DATA SYSTEM

• MICROWAVE SCAN BEAM LANDING SYSTEM

• RADAR ALTIMETER

• ACCELEROMETER ASSEMBLIES

• ORBITER RATE GYRO ASSEMBLIES

• SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER RATE GYRO ASSEMBLIES

• ROTATIONAL HAND CONTROLLER

• TRANSLATIONAL HAND CONTROLLER

• CONTROL STICK STEERING PUSH BUTTON LIGHT

• INDICATORS

• RUDDER PEDALS

• SPEED BRAKE/THRUST CONTROLLER

• BODY FLAP SWITCH

• RHC/PANEL ENABLE/INHIBIT

• TRIM SWITCHES

• AEROSURFACE SERVOAMPLIFIERS

• DIGITAL AUTOPILOT

• RENDEZVOUS THRUSTING MANEUVERS

• COMPONENT LOCATIONS

• DEDICATED DISPLAY SYSTEMS

• ATTITUDE DIRECTOR INDICATOR

• HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR

• ALPHA MACH INDICATOR

• ALTITUDE/VERTICAL VELOCITY INDICATOR

• SURFACE POSITION INDICATOR

• FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM PUSH BUTTON INDICATORS

• REACTION CONTROL SYSTEM COMMAND LIGHTS

• G-METER

• HEAD-UP DISPLAY

"Ketika Manusia melihat ke-Indahan dan ke-Agungan Antariksa ia mulai merasakan perasaan Spiritual yang amat dalam"

*Arip Nurahman*

To Be Continued

Kunjungi Juga:

Memahami Sistem Transportasi Antariksa

Sumber:

NASA

LAPAN

Wikipedia