Astro Fisika: 15 Aug 2011

First Prizes

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen received the first Physics Prize for his discovery of X-rays.

Once the Nobel Foundation and its guidelines were in place, the Nobel Committees began collecting nominations for the inaugural prizes. Subsequently they sent a list of preliminary candidates to the prize-awarding institutions.

Originally, the Norwegian Nobel Committee appointed prominent figures including Jørgen Løvland, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson and Johannes Steen to give the Nobel Peace Prize credibility.

The committee awarded the Peace Prize to two prominent figures in the growing peace movement around the end of the 19th century. These were Frédéric Passy, co-founder of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, and Henry Dunant the founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross

The Nobel Committee's Physics Prize shortlist cited Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen's discovery of X-rays and Philipp Lenard's work on cathode rays. The Academy of Sciences selected Röntgen for the prize.

In the last decades of the 19th century, many chemists had made significant contributions. Thus, with the Chemistry Prize, the Academy "was chiefly faced with merely deciding the order in which these scientists should be awarded the prize."

The Academy received 20 nominations, eleven of them for Jacobus van't Hoff. Van't Hoff was awarded the prize for his contributions in chemical thermodynamics. The Swedish Academy chose the poet Sully Prudhomme for the first Nobel Prize in Literature.

A group including 42 Swedish writers, artists and literary critics protested against this decision, having expected Leo Tolstoy to win. Some, including Burton Feldman, have criticised this prize because they consider Prudhomme a mediocre poet. Feldman's explanation is that most of the Academy members preferred Victorian literature and thus selected a Victorian poet.

The first Physiology or Medicine Prize went to the German physiologist and microbiologist Emil von Behring. During the 1890s, von Behring developed an antitoxin to treat diphtheria, which until then was causing thousands of deaths each year.

Sumber:

Nobel Prize

Wikipedia

Inspirations Words

Crescat scientia; Vita Excolatur:
"Let knowledge grow from more to more; and so be human life enriched"

"Leadership is not magnetic personality that can just as well be a glib tongue. It is not making friends and influencing people that is flattery. Leadership is lifting a person's vision to higher sights, the raising of a person's performance to a higher standard, the building of a personality beyond its normal limitations."
~Anonymous~

"Jika Hidup ini seumpama rel kereta api dalam eksperimen relativitas, maka pengalaman demi pengalaman yang mengempur kita dari waktu ke waktu adalah cahaya yang melesat-lesat di dalam gerebong di atas rel itu. Relativitasnya berupa seberapa banyak kita dapat mengambil pelajaran dari pengalaman yang melesat-lesat itu, maka analoginya adalah jika pengalaman yang sama dapat menimpa siapa saja, namun sejauh mana dan secepat apa pengalaman itu memberi pelajaran pada seseorang, hasilnya akan berbeda, relatif satu sama lain."
~Andrea H.~

"Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new."
~Albert Einstein~

"Scientific thought is the common heritage of mankind"
:Pikiran ilmiah adalah warisan umum umat manusia
~Abdus Salam~

"Pengembaraan Pikiran dan Imajinasi Manusia hendaknya menuntun Kita Kepada Keagungan Yang Maha Kuasa"
~Arip~