Nature of dark energy
The exact nature of this dark energy is a matter of speculation. It is known to be very homogeneous, not very dense and is not known to interact through any of the fundamental forces other than gravity. Since it is not very dense—roughly 10−29
grams per cubic centimeter—it is hard to imagine experiments to detect
it in the laboratory.
Dark energy can only have such a profound impact
on the universe, making up 74% of all energy, because it uniformly fills
otherwise empty space. The two leading models are quintessence and the cosmological constant. Both models include the common characteristic that dark energy must have negative pressure.
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