Astro Fisika: How Indonesian People Get Nobel Prize in The Future

Friday, 10 July 2009

How Indonesian People Get Nobel Prize in The Future

Central for Research and Development for Winning

Nobel Prize in Physics at Indonesia

Nobel Fisika Indonesia

(Belajar Kepada Profesor Milikan)

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923

"for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect"

Robert Andrews Millikan

USA
California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA, USA
b. 1868 d. 1953

Titles, data and places given above refer to the time of the award.
Photos: Copyright © The Nobel Foundation

This article is about the Nobel laureate physicist. For the Nobel laureate in chemistry, see Robert S. Mulliken.

Robert A. Millikan

Born	Robert Andrews Millikan 22 March 1868 Morrison, Illinois, USA
Died	December 19, 1953 (aged 85) San Marino, California, USA
Nationality	United States
Fields	Physics
Institutions	University of Chicago California Institute of Technology
Alma mater	Oberlin College Columbia University
Doctoral advisor	Michael I. Pupin Albert Michelson
Doctoral students	Chung-Yao Chao Robley D. Evans Harvey Fletcher C. C. Lauritsen William Pickering
Known for	Charge of the electron Advanced cosmic ray physics
Notable awards	Comstock Prize (1913)^[1] Nobel Prize in Physics (1923) Franklin Medal (1937)

Robert A. Millikan (22 March 1868 – 19 December 1953) was an American experimental physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his measurement of the charge on the electron and for his work on the photoelectric effect. He served as president of Caltech from 1921 to 1945. He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public, from 1921-1953.

Lahir di Morrison, Illinois, Millikan besar di Iowa, tiba dengan keluarganya pada usia 4. Ia adalah salah satu dari 6 anak dalam menteri kongregasi yang menjabat sebagai pendeta di McGregor dan Maquoketa. Millikan pernah berkata bahwa ia telah "memberi susu lebih dari 10.000 sapi saat saya berusia antara 8 dan 18, dan saya menyikat lebih dari 20.000 kuda – dan menyukainya."

Millikan memasuki Oberlin College di Ohio, lulus pada 1891. Di kampus, ia lebih tertarik di atletik daripada sains, dan berencana mengajar pendidikan olahraga sampai seorang guru fisika mempengaruhinya mengajar fisika unsur di usia mudanya. Millikan menemukan bidang yang menarik. Ia meneruskan pendidikannya di Columbia University, di mana ia menerima gelar doktornya.

Pada 1902, Millikan menikahi Greta Blanchard, dan memiliki 3 putera. Millikan mengajar di University of Chicago di awal 1896, kemudian pindah ke Pasadena, California, pada 1921 dengan janji ia bisa melanjutkan penelitiannya sendiri. Petunjuknya menghirup napas baru ke dalam California Institute of Technology. Millikan, yang berunding dengan bintang terkenal seperti Albert Einstein dan Marie Curie, kembali ke Iowa untuk mengunjungi 2 bersaudari, Grace Behr, yang mengajar di Des Moines' North High School selama 29 tahun, dan Ny. George Johnson dari Marshalltown.

Di antara sekian banyak penghargaan yang diterima Millikan ialah Medal of Merit dari presiden, dianugerahkan oleh Presiden AS Harry Truman "untuk tingkah laku berjasa istimewa" dalam melayani bangsa selama PD II. Ilmuwan ini telah terlibat dalam penelitian pertahanan, termasuk pengembangan misil. Millikan, yang penuh semangat hingga awal usia 80-annya, meninggal di panti jompo di San Marino, California.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923

Presentation Speech

Robert A. Millikan

Famous statements

"There is no likelihood man can ever tap the power of the atom. The glib supposition of utilizing atomic energy when our coal has run out is a completely unscientific Utopian dream, a childish bug-a-boo. Nature has introduced a few fool-proof devices into the great majority of elements that constitute the bulk of the world, and they have no energy to give up in the process of disintegration." - 1928 at the Chemists' Club (New York)

Bibliography

Goldstein, D., "In defense of Robert Andrews Millikan", Engineering and Science, 2000. No 4, pp30–38 (pdf).
Millikan, R A (1950). The Autobiography of Robert Millikan
Millikan, Robert Andrews (1917). The Electron: Its Isolation and Measurements and the Determination of Some of its Properties. The University of Chicago Press.
Nobel Lectures, "Robert A. Millikan – Nobel Biography". Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
Segerstråle, U (1995) Good to the last drop? Millikan stories as “canned” pedagogy, Science and Engineering Ethics vol 1, pp197–214
Robert Andrews Millikan "Robert A. Millikan – Nobel Biography".
The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty
Kevles, Daniel A. (1979), "Robert A. Millikan", Scientific American, vol. 240 no. 1, pp. 142–151.
Kargon, Robert H. (1977), "The Conservative Mode: Robert A. Millikan and the Twentieth-Century Revolution in Physics", Isis, vol. 68 no. 244, pp. 509–526.